fedimint_ln_client/

receive.rs

use std::time::Duration;

use fedimint_api_client::api::DynModuleApi;
use fedimint_client_module::DynGlobalClientContext;
use fedimint_client_module::module::OutPointRange;
use fedimint_client_module::sm::{ClientSMDatabaseTransaction, DynState, State, StateTransition};
use fedimint_client_module::transaction::{ClientInput, ClientInputBundle};
use fedimint_core::core::{IntoDynInstance, ModuleInstanceId, OperationId};
use fedimint_core::encoding::{Decodable, Encodable};
use fedimint_core::module::Amounts;
use fedimint_core::secp256k1::Keypair;
use fedimint_core::task::sleep;
use fedimint_core::util::FmtCompact as _;
use fedimint_core::{OutPoint, TransactionId};
use fedimint_ln_common::LightningInput;
use fedimint_ln_common::contracts::incoming::IncomingContractAccount;
use fedimint_ln_common::contracts::{DecryptedPreimage, FundedContract};
use fedimint_ln_common::federation_endpoint_constants::ACCOUNT_ENDPOINT;
use fedimint_logging::LOG_CLIENT_MODULE_LN;
use lightning_invoice::Bolt11Invoice;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use thiserror::Error;
use tracing::{debug, info};

use crate::api::LnFederationApi;
use crate::{LightningClientContext, ReceivingKey};

const RETRY_DELAY: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);

#[cfg_attr(doc, aquamarine::aquamarine)]
/// State machine that waits on the receipt of a Lightning payment.
///
/// ```mermaid
/// graph LR
/// classDef virtual fill:#fff,stroke-dasharray: 5 5
///
///     SubmittedOffer -- await transaction rejection --> Canceled
///     SubmittedOffer -- await invoice confirmation --> ConfirmedInvoice
///     ConfirmedInvoice -- await contract creation + decryption  --> Funded
///     ConfirmedInvoice -- await offer timeout --> Canceled
///     Funded -- await claim tx acceptance --> Success
///     Funded -- await claim tx rejection --> Canceled
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Decodable, Encodable)]
pub enum LightningReceiveStates {
    SubmittedOffer(LightningReceiveSubmittedOffer),
    Canceled(LightningReceiveError),
    ConfirmedInvoice(LightningReceiveConfirmedInvoice),
    Funded(LightningReceiveFunded),
    Success(Vec<OutPoint>),
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Decodable, Encodable)]
pub struct LightningReceiveStateMachine {
    pub operation_id: OperationId,
    pub state: LightningReceiveStates,
}

impl State for LightningReceiveStateMachine {
    type ModuleContext = LightningClientContext;

    fn transitions(
        &self,
        context: &Self::ModuleContext,
        global_context: &DynGlobalClientContext,
    ) -> Vec<StateTransition<Self>> {
        match &self.state {
            LightningReceiveStates::SubmittedOffer(submitted_offer) => {
                submitted_offer.transitions(global_context)
            }
            LightningReceiveStates::ConfirmedInvoice(confirmed_invoice) => {
                confirmed_invoice.transitions(context, global_context)
            }
            LightningReceiveStates::Funded(funded) => funded.transitions(global_context),
            LightningReceiveStates::Success(_) | LightningReceiveStates::Canceled(_) => {
                vec![]
            }
        }
    }

    fn operation_id(&self) -> fedimint_core::core::OperationId {
        self.operation_id
    }
}

impl IntoDynInstance for LightningReceiveStateMachine {
    type DynType = DynState;

    fn into_dyn(self, instance_id: ModuleInstanceId) -> Self::DynType {
        DynState::from_typed(instance_id, self)
    }
}

/// Old version of `LightningReceiveSubmittedOffer`, used for migrations
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Decodable, Encodable)]
pub struct LightningReceiveSubmittedOfferV0 {
    pub offer_txid: TransactionId,
    pub invoice: Bolt11Invoice,
    pub payment_keypair: Keypair,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Decodable, Encodable)]
pub struct LightningReceiveSubmittedOffer {
    pub offer_txid: TransactionId,
    pub invoice: Bolt11Invoice,
    pub receiving_key: ReceivingKey,
}

#[derive(
    Error, Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Encodable, Decodable, Eq, PartialEq, Hash,
)]
#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
pub enum LightningReceiveError {
    #[error("Offer transaction was rejected")]
    Rejected,
    #[error("Incoming Lightning invoice was not paid within the timeout")]
    Timeout,
    #[error("Claim transaction was rejected")]
    ClaimRejected,
    #[error("The decrypted preimage was invalid")]
    InvalidPreimage,
}

impl LightningReceiveSubmittedOffer {
    fn transitions(
        &self,
        global_context: &DynGlobalClientContext,
    ) -> Vec<StateTransition<LightningReceiveStateMachine>> {
        let global_context = global_context.clone();
        let txid = self.offer_txid;
        let invoice = self.invoice.clone();
        let receiving_key = self.receiving_key;
        vec![StateTransition::new(
            Self::await_invoice_confirmation(global_context, txid),
            move |_dbtx, result, old_state| {
                let invoice = invoice.clone();
                Box::pin(async move {
                    Self::transition_confirmed_invoice(&result, &old_state, invoice, receiving_key)
                })
            },
        )]
    }

    async fn await_invoice_confirmation(
        global_context: DynGlobalClientContext,
        txid: TransactionId,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        // No network calls are done here, we just await other state machines, so no
        // retry logic is needed
        global_context.await_tx_accepted(txid).await
    }

    fn transition_confirmed_invoice(
        result: &Result<(), String>,
        old_state: &LightningReceiveStateMachine,
        invoice: Bolt11Invoice,
        receiving_key: ReceivingKey,
    ) -> LightningReceiveStateMachine {
        match result {
            Ok(()) => LightningReceiveStateMachine {
                operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                state: LightningReceiveStates::ConfirmedInvoice(LightningReceiveConfirmedInvoice {
                    invoice,
                    receiving_key,
                }),
            },
            Err(_) => LightningReceiveStateMachine {
                operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                state: LightningReceiveStates::Canceled(LightningReceiveError::Rejected),
            },
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Decodable, Encodable)]
pub struct LightningReceiveConfirmedInvoice {
    pub(crate) invoice: Bolt11Invoice,
    pub(crate) receiving_key: ReceivingKey,
}

impl LightningReceiveConfirmedInvoice {
    fn transitions(
        &self,
        context: &LightningClientContext,
        global_context: &DynGlobalClientContext,
    ) -> Vec<StateTransition<LightningReceiveStateMachine>> {
        let invoice = self.invoice.clone();
        let receiving_key = self.receiving_key;
        let global_context = global_context.clone();
        let context = context.clone();
        vec![StateTransition::new(
            Self::await_incoming_contract_account(invoice, global_context.clone()),
            move |dbtx, contract, old_state| {
                let context = context.clone();
                Box::pin(Self::transition_funded(
                    old_state,
                    receiving_key,
                    contract,
                    dbtx,
                    global_context.clone(),
                    context,
                ))
            },
        )]
    }

    async fn await_incoming_contract_account(
        invoice: Bolt11Invoice,
        global_context: DynGlobalClientContext,
    ) -> Result<IncomingContractAccount, LightningReceiveError> {
        let contract_id = (*invoice.payment_hash()).into();
        loop {
            // Consider time before the api call to account for network delays
            let now_epoch = fedimint_core::time::duration_since_epoch();
            match get_incoming_contract(global_context.module_api(), contract_id).await {
                Ok(Some(incoming_contract_account)) => {
                    match incoming_contract_account.contract.decrypted_preimage {
                        DecryptedPreimage::Pending => {
                            // Previously we would time out here but we may miss a payment if we do
                            // so
                            info!("Waiting for preimage decryption for contract {contract_id}");
                        }
                        DecryptedPreimage::Some(_) => return Ok(incoming_contract_account),
                        DecryptedPreimage::Invalid => {
                            return Err(LightningReceiveError::InvalidPreimage);
                        }
                    }
                }
                Ok(None) => {
                    // only when we are sure that the invoice is still pending that we can
                    // check for a timeout
                    const CLOCK_SKEW_TOLERANCE: Duration = Duration::from_mins(1);
                    if has_invoice_expired(&invoice, now_epoch, CLOCK_SKEW_TOLERANCE) {
                        return Err(LightningReceiveError::Timeout);
                    }
                    debug!("Still waiting preimage decryption for contract {contract_id}");
                }
                Err(error) => {
                    error.report_if_unusual("Awaiting incoming contract");
                    debug!(
                        target: LOG_CLIENT_MODULE_LN,
                        err = %error.fmt_compact(),
                        "External LN payment retryable error waiting for preimage decryption"
                    );
                }
            }
            sleep(RETRY_DELAY).await;
        }
    }

    async fn transition_funded(
        old_state: LightningReceiveStateMachine,
        receiving_key: ReceivingKey,
        result: Result<IncomingContractAccount, LightningReceiveError>,
        dbtx: &mut ClientSMDatabaseTransaction<'_, '_>,
        global_context: DynGlobalClientContext,
        context: LightningClientContext,
    ) -> LightningReceiveStateMachine {
        match result {
            Ok(contract) => {
                // None for the gateway since it does not emit the client events
                if let Some(ref client_ctx) = context.client_ctx {
                    client_ctx
                        .log_event(
                            &mut dbtx.module_tx(),
                            crate::events::ReceivePaymentEvent {
                                operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                                amount: contract.amount,
                            },
                        )
                        .await;
                }

                match receiving_key {
                    ReceivingKey::Personal(keypair) => {
                        let change_range =
                            Self::claim_incoming_contract(dbtx, contract, keypair, global_context)
                                .await;
                        LightningReceiveStateMachine {
                            operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                            state: LightningReceiveStates::Funded(LightningReceiveFunded {
                                txid: change_range.txid(),
                                out_points: change_range.into_iter().collect(),
                            }),
                        }
                    }
                    ReceivingKey::External(_) => {
                        // Claim successful
                        LightningReceiveStateMachine {
                            operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                            state: LightningReceiveStates::Success(vec![]),
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            Err(e) => LightningReceiveStateMachine {
                operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                state: LightningReceiveStates::Canceled(e),
            },
        }
    }

    async fn claim_incoming_contract(
        dbtx: &mut ClientSMDatabaseTransaction<'_, '_>,
        contract: IncomingContractAccount,
        keypair: Keypair,
        global_context: DynGlobalClientContext,
    ) -> OutPointRange {
        let input = contract.claim();
        let client_input = ClientInput::<LightningInput> {
            input,
            amounts: Amounts::new_bitcoin(contract.amount),
            keys: vec![keypair],
        };

        global_context
            .claim_inputs(
                dbtx,
                // The input of the refund tx is managed by this state machine, so no new state
                // machines need to be created
                ClientInputBundle::new_no_sm(vec![client_input]),
            )
            .await
            .expect("Cannot claim input, additional funding needed")
    }
}

fn has_invoice_expired(
    invoice: &Bolt11Invoice,
    now_epoch: Duration,
    clock_skew_tolerance: Duration,
) -> bool {
    assert!(now_epoch >= clock_skew_tolerance);
    // tolerate some clock skew
    invoice.would_expire(now_epoch.checked_sub(clock_skew_tolerance).unwrap())
}

pub async fn get_incoming_contract(
    module_api: DynModuleApi,
    contract_id: fedimint_ln_common::contracts::ContractId,
) -> Result<Option<IncomingContractAccount>, fedimint_api_client::api::FederationError> {
    match module_api.fetch_contract(contract_id).await {
        Ok(Some(contract)) => {
            if let FundedContract::Incoming(incoming) = contract.contract {
                Ok(Some(IncomingContractAccount {
                    amount: contract.amount,
                    contract: incoming.contract,
                }))
            } else {
                Err(fedimint_api_client::api::FederationError::general(
                    ACCOUNT_ENDPOINT,
                    contract_id,
                    anyhow::anyhow!("Contract {contract_id} is not an incoming contract"),
                ))
            }
        }
        Ok(None) => Ok(None),
        Err(e) => Err(e),
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Decodable, Encodable)]
pub struct LightningReceiveFunded {
    txid: TransactionId,
    out_points: Vec<OutPoint>,
}

impl LightningReceiveFunded {
    fn transitions(
        &self,
        global_context: &DynGlobalClientContext,
    ) -> Vec<StateTransition<LightningReceiveStateMachine>> {
        let out_points = self.out_points.clone();
        vec![StateTransition::new(
            Self::await_claim_success(global_context.clone(), self.txid),
            move |_dbtx, result, old_state| {
                let out_points = out_points.clone();
                Box::pin(
                    async move { Self::transition_claim_success(&result, &old_state, out_points) },
                )
            },
        )]
    }

    async fn await_claim_success(
        global_context: DynGlobalClientContext,
        txid: TransactionId,
    ) -> Result<(), String> {
        // No network calls are done here, we just await other state machines, so no
        // retry logic is needed
        global_context.await_tx_accepted(txid).await
    }

    fn transition_claim_success(
        result: &Result<(), String>,
        old_state: &LightningReceiveStateMachine,
        out_points: Vec<OutPoint>,
    ) -> LightningReceiveStateMachine {
        match result {
            Ok(()) => {
                // Claim successful
                LightningReceiveStateMachine {
                    operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                    state: LightningReceiveStates::Success(out_points),
                }
            }
            Err(_) => {
                // Claim rejection
                LightningReceiveStateMachine {
                    operation_id: old_state.operation_id,
                    state: LightningReceiveStates::Canceled(LightningReceiveError::ClaimRejected),
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use bitcoin::hashes::{Hash, sha256};
    use fedimint_core::secp256k1::{Secp256k1, SecretKey};
    use lightning_invoice::{Currency, InvoiceBuilder, PaymentSecret};

    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_invoice_expiration() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let now = fedimint_core::time::duration_since_epoch();
        let one_second = Duration::from_secs(1);
        for expiration in [one_second, Duration::from_hours(1)] {
            for tolerance in [one_second, Duration::from_mins(1)] {
                let invoice = invoice(now, expiration)?;
                assert!(!has_invoice_expired(
                    &invoice,
                    now.checked_sub(one_second).unwrap(),
                    tolerance
                ));
                assert!(!has_invoice_expired(&invoice, now, tolerance));
                assert!(!has_invoice_expired(&invoice, now + expiration, tolerance));
                assert!(!has_invoice_expired(
                    &invoice,
                    (now + expiration + tolerance)
                        .checked_sub(one_second)
                        .unwrap(),
                    tolerance
                ));
                assert!(has_invoice_expired(
                    &invoice,
                    now + expiration + tolerance,
                    tolerance
                ));
                assert!(has_invoice_expired(
                    &invoice,
                    now + expiration + tolerance + one_second,
                    tolerance
                ));
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    fn invoice(now_epoch: Duration, expiry_time: Duration) -> anyhow::Result<Bolt11Invoice> {
        let ctx = Secp256k1::new();
        let secret_key = SecretKey::new(&mut rand::thread_rng());
        Ok(InvoiceBuilder::new(Currency::Regtest)
            .description(String::new())
            .payment_hash(sha256::Hash::hash(&[0; 32]))
            .duration_since_epoch(now_epoch)
            .min_final_cltv_expiry_delta(0)
            .payment_secret(PaymentSecret([0; 32]))
            .amount_milli_satoshis(1000)
            .expiry_time(expiry_time)
            .build_signed(|m| ctx.sign_ecdsa_recoverable(m, &secret_key))?)
    }
}